impact of feminism on fashion

effect of woman's rights on style Effect of Feminism on Fashion There has been a warmed conversation on the balance of man and lady since a century back when women's activists started to make progress toward womens advantage. Contrasted with ladies in nineteenth century, ladies these days have more rights and opportunity. Ladies are presently increasingly viewed as free people, quite a while back, they were assets of men. Besides, ladies were constrained to follow each and every request from men genuinely. As a significant catalyst to mold, woman's rights, which was chiefly shaped by three waves, has changed the generalization altogether and lead to the decline of limitations on womens dressing. â€Å"Feminism includes a wide range of hypothetical, political and scholastic conventions. At the focal point of women's activist concerns, be that as it may, is the freedom of ladies from harsh social practices and ideologies.†The first flood of women's activist development dated from nineteenth century to 1940s in United Kingdom and United States. Joined by hostile to primitive development, women's liberation at last turned into the most fundamental part and the measures of social transformation. Initially it concentrated on the advancement of equivalent agreement and property rights for ladies and the resistance to asset marriage and responsibility for ladies (and their kids) by their spouses. Be that as it may, before the finish of the nineteenth century, activism concentrated fundamentally on increasing political force, especially the privilege of womens testimonial. Fundamentally, it was the first run through whenever ladies have the chance to cast a ballot. During this wave, World War I occurred, which was another reason for changes in womens status. So as to safeguard national power, men were conscribed to take on in the conflict front. Hence, ladies needed to do mens physical work in plant. Females no longer remained in the house just serving their own family, yet in addition went out attempting to help the family unit and their nation. Not unintentionally, (see Illus. 1) Coco Chanels straightforward and down to earth structures took into account the requirements of working ladies. In her shop, she sold â€Å"flannel overcoats, straight cloth skirts, mariner tops, long pullover sweaters and skirt-jackets†which were propelled by menswear. These helpful garments empowered ladies to work with higher effectiveness. †Chanel utilized such useful materials and loosened up designs in the plan of popular daywear for refined urban ladies, safe in her insight into their optimistic and down to earth qualities.† Her achievement in style helped her arranged in the jobs of women's activist pioneer. Effortlessness has gotten a perceived quality of Coco Chanel and influenced the design pattern thereafter. Shockingly, after the men came back from war when the WWI finished, ladies were dispatched back to the kitchen.†Still, a significant new stage had been reached, since the acceptance of ladies into the war exertion started the entire procedure of liberation.† Between mid 1960s and late 1980s, it was the second-wave woman's rights. In spite of the fact that after the main wave woman's rights ladies have prevailed upon some lawful rights, they were as yet restricted and abused in working spot. Somewhat not the same as the main wave, the second-wave women's liberation focused on issues of genuine correspondence of ladies, for example, taking out segregation. Women's activists went full scale walking and fighting in the road. Inferable from their hard battle, females bit by bit earned some fairness in the working spot and different parts of life. In the entirety of their accomplishments, the most momentous occasion was the arrival of some gynocentric lawful changes. Without the lawful obstacles to womens individual flexibility and expert accomplishment, ladies got an opportunity to demonstrate themselves to be as able as men. The 1960s, additionally called the Sixties, was 10 years when enormous changes happened to mold. In this period, style was affected by different factors, for example, â€Å"social versatility, brave design photography, simpler travel abroad, the Vietnam War, new music of the Beatles and their much replicated haircuts, retro military and ethnic garments, musicals, pop workmanship and film all played a part†. Woman's rights was completely one of the most powerful reasons for all. Le Smoking (see Illus. 2), structured by Yves Saint Laurent in 1966, is a run of the mill case of effect on design by women's liberation. Yves Saint Laurent wasnt the main individual who made pants for ladies. In any case, it was the first of its sort to attract consideration the style business and general society. This imaginative creation began gender ambiguous style for ladies and pantsuits have been well known from that point forward. Its still one of the most loved outfits of office women in presen t-day society. The fame of intensity suits shows womens freedom and balance among people somewhat. Furthermore, it gives ladies another decision in their closets and dresses were by all account not the only determination any more. In a word, the presence of pantsuit is an image of ladies been viewed as a free people in working environment. In gathering of individuals in more youthful age, some challenging young people were looking for something new in design as limitations on ladies reduced.â Mary quants miniskirts (see Illus. 3), of which the hemline was set 6 or 7 crawls over the knee, satisfied their needs. It was dubious when it previously came into the market, yet then more individuals started to acknowledge it in the mid-1960s and went into the significant universal pattern. Miniskirt was figured to be an indication of womens freedom and empowered ladies to run and show their magnificence unbounded. The third-wave woman's rights started in the mid 1990s, and the design in this decade was easygoing and agreeable. Be that as it may, design and women's liberation dont consistently go connected at the hip. The arrival of womens body didnt go further in light of the fact that each lady needs ideal body for both individual explanation and drawing in men. Wearing pieces of clothing that show their decent body causes ladies to feel better, increasingly lovely and here and there much progressively sure. Style these days accentuated on outline and just thin and S-shape body is considered to be wonderful. This welcomes weight on ladies and urges them to fit themselves into garments that may be excessively close. In the wake of battling for fairness for more than one hundred years, marvels of disparity have diminished strikingly. Be that as it may, men have been in the predominant situation for most of time ever. Changes parents in law are unquestionably insufficient to change the status. To increase genuine equity, male hawkishness ought to be killed altogether. Anyway, its still far to go to have last fairness of people.

Scarlet Pimpernel; How to Be a Successful Hero free essay sample

In the same way as other goods are expected to take care of a family, numerous prerequisites are required in being a fruitful legend. To be an incredible legend, one needs a decent camouflage, cash, boldness, knowledge, faithful adherents, and should have the option to keep privileged insights. On the off chance that one doesn't have any of those, at that point one’s arrangement of turning into a saint will be squashed like a falling structure. In the Scarlet Pimpernel, Percy, who is the Scarlet Pimpernel, has the entirety of the recorded prerequisites of being a legend. Having a camouflage is a significant prerequisite. To be a saint, one must have a camouflage to keep their genuine personality escaped people in general. Percy utilizes numerous camouflages all through the book Scarlet Pimpernel. One of those is acting moronic to everyone, so they would not anticipate anything enormous from him. At that point, to have the option to assist individuals with getting away from the guillotine, which cleaves people’s takes off, Percy takes on the appearance of an old woman, so nobody realizes it is him. We will compose a custom exposition test on Red Pimpernel; How to Be a Successful Hero or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At that point, towards the finish of the book, Percy takes on the appearance of a Jew, so that Chavelin, a specialist for the legislature, couldn’t discover him. Marguerite, Percy’s spouse, gets some answers concerning Percy’s camouflage as the Jew, when he shouts, â€Å"Damn† (Orczy,2002,p. 204) in a decent, strong, outright British voice that she couldn't confused with another person. In any case, a great saint additionally needs cash to have the option to succeed. A decent fruitful saint needs cash to bear the cost of the necessities of a legend. Initial, one needs cash for transportation, similar to when Percy required a carriage. At that point, one needs cash for ensembles for dress masks, similar to when Percy was veiled as an old woman and a Jew. Next, one needs aides to complete one’s plans. At last, one needs cash for pay-offs. Saints can pay off individuals to keep privileged insights and to do different pieces of the hero’s plan for them. A legend likewise needs mental fortitude to carry out the responsibility. To be a saint, one needs to have mental fortitude. Percy has a ton of boldness as the Scarlet Pimpernel. To begin with, the Scarlet Pimpernel is known for sparing blue-bloods from the guillotine. One must have boldness to help individuals who are going to get their heads cleaved off. At that point, so Percy could remain covert and not be gotten, he permits fighters to beat him with a whip, while he is spruced up as a Jew. Percy had the fearlessness to take the whipping and not admit his actual character. Likewise, one needs insight to be an effective saint. One needs a lot of knowledge to be a fruitful saint. Percy has enough insight to covertly plan to spare individuals from the guillotine. He likewise utilizes his camouflages all around ok so he stays unknown to his adversaries. Percy has the knowledge to procure enough cash to bear the cost of the obligations of a saint. He additionally realizes he needs to keep his â€Å"hero status† a mystery. Likewise, Percy needs steadfast supporters to help him through his arrangements. Faithful supporters are a â€Å"must† for a saint. Sir Andrew was one of Percy’s closest companions and faithful supporter. Sir Andrew and numerous others helped Percy, Scarlet Pimpernel, in helping other people get away from the guillotine. When they helped Percy in his arrangements, they were sufficiently steadfast to stay discreet about his character, as Scarlet Pimpernel, from people in general. As significant all things considered for legends to have faithful devotees, it is similarly as significant for the saint to have the option to keep insider facts. A legend must have the option to keep privileged insights to be fruitful in their activity. Percy stays quiet from his own significant other, Marguerite. He acts idiotic before her, so she won't suspect him as being Scarlet Pimpernel. Percy additionally has a mystery room. He keeps the entirety of his legend gear covered up in his mystery room. Nonetheless, his mystery room is later revealed by Marguerite. In spite of the fact that Marguerite discovered Percy’s mystery room, she went along with him in staying quiet from people in general. In the event that one has a real existence desire to turn into a legend, one must meet the prerequisites of having a decent mask, cash, mental fortitude, insight, faithful adherents, and the sharp capacity to keep insider facts. A mask is significant in keeping one’s character from general society. One should likewise have cash to do a hero’s plans. To do those plans, you should have fearlessness and knowledge. Steadfast devotees must have the option to keep insider facts and help the legend through their work. Keeping insider facts is a vital aspect for being a legend. One must meet the above necessities to turn into a fruitful legend.

Is Email Signature a Must In Corporate Branding

Is Email Signature a Must In Corporate Branding Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Is Email Signature a Must In Corporate BrandingUpdated On 24/12/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : BusinessShort URL : https://hbb.me/2BChSKj CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogThe email signature is a digital signature at the end of the email. Every business associate has their own email signature specially prepared for them. They can prepare it themselves or get it generated online. A corporate branding is an established company which has several marketing needs.Email marketing holds a lot of importance among business corporates. Although it is an old method and many new ways of marketing has been established email remains an authentic way to communicate with your clients. If you have email marketing as a major promotional activity, you must have an email signature.Why Email Signature?The emails that are sent to the clients must connect you with your customers. A blunt email with just text will end up being either deleted or not opened. In email marketing, according to statistics, about 3.7 billion people used emails in 2017.An email signature is a sign of authority and belief that your company is trustworthy establishment. There are many companies which are fake and are looking for ways to commit online fraudulent activities.To make sure, you are not one of them, make sure you have a perfect email signature. Also, this signature goes with all your emails. You do not have sign personally each email when sending and this saves a lot of time. Some other points to be noted are:1. Easy to useIt is quite easy to create an email signature for yourself. There are several online services that can create it for you. Once generated, it can be used for all emails.2. Professional emailWhen you add an email signature at the end, it gives a professional look to your email. An email sent to your prospective clients must be professional, but the words used can be friendly.3. AuthenticityAs already said before, email signature gives authentic look to your email. Most of the advertising emails reach the spam but the email signature makes sure your email doesn’t reach the spam folder.4. Increasing click rateWhen clients open and read your email with an email signature at the end, they would not hesitate in buying your service or product. Thus, your click-through rate will increase giving you a boost in sales.5. Increasing connectionthe email signature along with your photo and logo of the company consists of your contact information. Your prospective clients can use those details to connect to you and clear their doubts. Also, other business professionals might use those details to reach you to propose a business deal.6. Brand awarenessThe email signature consists of the name of your brand and logo. The more you use the email signature, the more people get acquitted with your brand. Consequently, it creates brand awareness. Also, the social media icons in the email signature will help in easy sharing.7. Brand loyaltyThis is the goal of every company. Pick up any company like Nike or Apple, they have loyal fans of their brand. Whenever a new product is launched, they will make sure to advertise it in the best way possible with personal emails to the previous users.READ5 Ways To Develop Your Skills For Career GrowthThe customers end up buying a new product even though he/she doesn’t need one. Email signature helps in generating loyal fans. Brand awareness slowly leads to brand loyalty.Parts of Email Signature to AddThis digital signature is quite small but proves to be a powerful tool for a corporate branding. It might seem like an insignificant part of the email but in the eyes of clients, it is a sign of trust. Business is greatly influenced by what people feel or think. The email signature is divided into two main portions and has the following parts:PictureThe image occupies the leftmost part of the email signature . It is ought to be something relevant to the company. The best is when it is the logo of the company or it is the picture of the person running it. A clear and good-quality picture is what your client is looking for.Contact InfoOne part of the email signature should be left for the details of the company or the person. In case of a corporate establishment, you need to specify the details of the company. You might want to keep the text short and simple. Divide the text into 3 lines:First line surname or name of the company,Second line address,Third phone number,Additionally, you may add the campaigning tagline at the end of the email signature if you want.Social Media IconsYou may use social media icons in your email signature. It is not a must, but it is recommended to do so. It is better to add just the icons instead of links. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and LinkedIn you may add all the social media platforms that are present or more.WebsiteIf your company has a website, it must be mentioned in the email signature. It would be easier to directly go to the website and check it out instantly.Is it Necessary to Add a Sig?The simple answer would be yes. The complex answer would be depending on how badly and how fast you are looking for success. Email signatures guarantee success in your business because of future brand loyalty.It should be a professional and convincing signature. Creating this email signature yourself can be a tedious task and time-taking. Getting professional help is the best idea if you are not a pro at this.There are various online tools available to create this perfect email signature for you at low costs. NEWOLDSTAMP is one of them. It creates rejuvenating, professional and convincing email signatures that will surely make your path towards success easier.ConclusionThus, a company email signature is a necessity for your business. Make sure it has vibrant colors and has a catchy texture. Color combination is an important thing which is not really considered by people. So if your corporate branding needs an email signature, go ahead and create the best email signature for your company and see your sales going high.

Comparing Tennessee William’s Life and Streetcar Named...

Parallels in William’s Life and A Streetcar Named Desire and Glass Menagerie Tennessee Williams is one of the greatest American playwrights. He was constantly shocking audiences with themes such as homosexuality, drug addictions, and rape. He broke free from taboos on such subjects, paving the way for future playwrights. He also was a very good writer. One of the things he is famous for is his dialogue, which is very poetic. Williams wrote about his life. The Glass Menagerie is a very autobiographical play. A Streetcar Named Desire, although meant to a play that anyone can relate to, also contained characters and situations from his life. In both plays, the characters are drawn from his life. The other relationship†¦show more content†¦During the depression, he worked for his father’s shoe factory. It was a horrible time for Tom. He hated working there and felt that those three years were wasted time (Roudane). At the age of 16, Tom published a story for the first time. It was in response to the question, â€Å"Can a Good Wife be a Good Sport?† He took third place in the contest and won 5 dollars. In 1937, his first play, Cairo, Shanghai, Bombay, was produced in Memphis. After writing a series of other plays that weren’t so successful, he hit it big with The Glass Menagerie. This play was originally called â€Å"The Gentleman Caller†, and was turned down as a screenplay. He was 34 when he wrote it. In 1948, Williams wrote A Streetcar Named Desire, perhaps his best known play. This play earned him his first Pulitzer Prize. He earned his second Pulitzer in 1955, with Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (Cash). Like his father, Tennessee gambled and drank. He was also a hypochondriac. He struggled with addictions to prescription drugs and alcoholism. He found love in 1947, with Frank Merlo. Merlo often provided stability in the playwright’s crazy life. Any lasting friendships that the couple had were many due to Merlo’s charm (Sullivan). They stayed together until 1961, when Merlo died of lung cancer. Williams fell into depression about Merlo’s death, and in 1983Show MoreRelatedDeath of a Salesman (Analysis and Personal Reaction)2850 Words   |  12 Pagestimes gone by. Being memory, it allows for music to announce emotions and characters, and well as exaggerations and/or omissions. As Tom says in Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie: Being a memory play, it is dimly lighted, it is sentimental, it is not realistic. In memory everything seems to happen to music., and although this describes The Glass Menagerie, it also applies to Death of Salesman. The fact that its a memory play allows the story to be partial to the one recounting it, and Willys

A Guide to MADD Sites Essay - 2512 Words

A Guide to MADD Sites â€Å"In 2001, more than half a million people were injured in crashes where police reported that alcohol was present — an average of one person injured approximately every 2 minutes† (Blincoe qtd. in MADD main). â€Å"In 2002, an estimated 17,419 people died in alcohol–related traffic crashes—an average of one every 30 minutes. These deaths constitute 41 percent of the 42,815 total traffic fatalities [in America]† (NHTSA qtd. in MADD main). From these statistics, it is clear to see that drunk driving is a serious issue that harms thousands of innocent American citizens. Although there are many organizations that address the issue of drinking and driving, MADD, Mothers Against Drunk Driving, is the most†¦show more content†¦The tragic bond they shared served as the foundation for their organization. Together they formed MADD, Mothers Against Drunk Drivers. According to reports, through the donations of victims, citizens, friends and a $ 65,000 grant from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, MADD was an immediate success. â€Å"By the fall of 1982, more than 70 MADD chapters were operating, primarily initiated by victims searching for a way to bring some sense to the apparently meaningless deaths and injuries of their loved ones† (Lord qtd. in MADD main). Today, MADD has more than 600 chapters in the United States and affiliates in Guam, Canada and Puerto Rico. Studies show that MADD is not an organization comprised of only mothers of victims. It has expanded to fathers, siblings and friends. Not all members are victims or have been affected by an alcohol related incident. In fact, some members are just citizens who care (MADD-Canada). MADD now stands for Mothers Against Drunk Driving to focus on the crime itself rather than just the offender. Lord explains that MADD originally started as a group that fought for stricter laws and harsher punishments for drunk driving offenders. Over time, their mission has not changed, but has been expanded on. MADD now works to eliminate the crime and reach out to the youth, as well as provide support for victims and fight for stricter drunkShow MoreRelatedStrategic Marketing Planning for Non Profit Organization9605 Words   |  39 Pagesvictims of drunk drivers. But supplementing these clas sic marketing techniques, MADD also deploys equally classic communications strategies — position papers, voter’s guides, legislative briefing books, and on-line advocacy, for example. Together, this combination of disciplined marketing and focused, issue-oriented communications has made MADD a political force in every statehouse and on Capitol Hill. And it’s not just MADD. Effective organizations of all stripes are taking advantage of both sides ofRead MoreDriving Under the Influence4388 Words   |  18 PagesSchool, and time spent in jail. Recently, several states have increased penalties for those caught drinking and driving, especially for repeat offenders, since the nationwide DUI laws passed in 1980 pushed by groups like Mother Against Drunk Drivers (MADD). Some state legislatures have passed laws requiring mandatory jail time for repeated DUI convictions. Fines have increased and the length at which ones license is suspended has been extended and receivin g a â€Å"hardship† license to get back and forthRead MoreFunctional Health Patterns Community Assessment2781 Words   |  12 Pages------------------------------------------------- Functional Health Patterns Community Assessment Guide * Functional Health Pattern (FHP) Template Directions: This FHP template is to be used for organizing community assessment data in preparation for completion of your collaborative learning community (CLC) assignment. Address every bulleted statement in each section with data or rationale for deferral. You may also add additional bullet points if applicable to your community. Value/BeliefRead MoreLodging Inductry24737 Words   |  99 Pagesprofitable customer relationships. 5. Understand how the marketing concepts call for a customer orientation. Supportive PowerPoint Slides: 1-1 to 1-5. TEACHING SUGGESTIONS: Teaching suggestions are provided in two formats. The first format guides the instructor through the chapter objectives. The second format is a chapter outline and provides more detail than the chapter objective format. OBJECTIVES: Objective: 1. Understand the relationship between hospitality and travel industryRead MoreMarketing Communications Notes17720 Words   |  71 Pagesprofile of who their consumers are, what they do and what they buy on a consumer by consumer, target group by target group or country by country basis. ‘Cookies’ (mini programs embedded into Internet sites) allow companies to track consumers as they navigate within their site and as they switch to other sites, generating in-depth information about consumers’ Web behaviour. This information can be used by marketers in their promotional strategies, allowing for a tighter targeting of the messages and communication

Financial Ratio Analysis Performance Report Essay

1.0 Executive Summary This report provides an analysis and compare of the current profitability, efficiency and financial stability of Premier Investments Ltd and David Jones Ltd over last 2 years. Methods of analysis include trend, horizontal and vertical analyses as well as ratios such as Gross Net profit margin, Inventory turnover and Current ratios. All calculations can be found in the appendices. Results of data analysed show that David Jones Ltd have better performance and is more stability than Premier Investments Ltd. In particular, Premier Investments Ltd’s profit had dropped almos half than the year before.The report finds the prospects of both companies in their current position are pretty positive. The major areas of†¦show more content†¦Premier Investment’s Gross Profit Margin has increased slightly from 59.09% in 2010 to 59.51% in 2011. The increase is not huge, but the margin is pretty good, and it reflects that the company keeps the cost under control. On the other h and, the Gross Profit Margin for David Jones has decreased from 39.73% in 2010 to 39.11% in 2011. This decrease is not very huge, but the overall figure reflects not a very profitable condition. These margins are well below the profitability of Premier Investments. This means that David Jones has a relatively poor cost control. Net Profit Margin The Net Profit Margin is a more refined measure of profitability. Gross Margin reflects half of the costs, and does not include the effect of operating costs. However, net profit margin includes the operating costs, as well (Vance 2003). Premier Investments’ Net Profit Margin has decreased from 16.11% in 2010 to 9.54% in 2011. This is a significant decrease in profitability, since the net margin has decrease by over 5%. It reflects that the company is unable to control its operating expenses. David Jones Limited, on the other hand, had a net Profit Margin of 12.11% in 2010, which increased to 12.62% in 2011. 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Primark and Oxfam free essay sample

This report is based on the marketing techniques/ skills of Primark and Oxfam based on their products/services. Before we can understand the effectiveness of the marketing techniques, we have investigated both companies and carried research by looking through different sources. Sources include; internet research, company website, advertisements which we evaluated on www. youtube. com for Oxfam. Additional sources include the BTEC Level 3 Business Book1, which was used to look up techniques such as; survival strategies and brand awareness. We have also used resources such as PowerPoint Presentations from The Times 100, Business Case Studies. In this report you will find some information on the company itself and how they market themselves which we have put into sections in a specific order to show how we came to the conclusion of how effective we think their marketing skills are. We have provided evidence of our research and transferred relevant data into charts. Oxfam Company Purpose: Oxfam is a voluntary charity organisation. Oxfam’s main objective is to reach out to poor countries and help civilians manage their own lives from the sources Oxfam provide. Oxfam market themselves through their website and television commercials. This helps them get more attention from people and persuade them to donate to Oxfam. Oxfam also use direct mail. Oxfam also market through a sales orientated approach. For example direct sales. Marketing Strategies: Oxfam’s marketing strategies for growth is market penetration as they want to attract new customers to increase their share in the market. Marketing Objective: Oxfam’s marketing objective is to raise awareness of poverty in less economically developed and famine countries. On the subject of raising awareness we found out that Oxfam establish ethical trading. Oxfam state on their website that they help communities to fight against businesses who put lives of civilians at risk. Oxfam speak of the Swiss pharmaceutical giant Novartis challenging rights in India based on developing cheaper medication. We have made a screen shot of this particular section under ‘proof of research’ below. Company Product/ Service: Oxfam have a charity shop selling many products from clothes to books. Oxfam also have charity projects which take place throughout the year fulfilling their company purpose. This involves them providing aid to many countries around Africa and Asia. Oxfam supply the countries with physical resources allowing the poor communities to start a new life and make a living by providing them with some of the following; civilians making a living by growing and trading crops, providing service in clinics set up by Oxfam and supervising schools made for the homeless and orphan children. However the services based on growing and trading crops are limited due to climate change. Climate change can destroy the service of helping civilians grow crops in many geographical zones. This can clearly create a loss for Oxfam and change the way Oxfam manage this service. We did not find any sources linking us to the difficulty it causes Oxfam apart from the PDF file provided by Oxfam. The section of this file was headlined ‘Helping communities to adapt to climate change ’ and the figures provided on the situations Oxfam identified were based on years 2011-2012. Most situations are based on flooding and we have analysed this section of the file by using the figures to help us understand how Oxfam will deal with this situations to stay successful. We have provided a graph containing the exact figures and have used the evidence to link it with Oxfam’s loss and gain in the business industry. The graph is below, headlined under ‘charts and graphs’. Oxfam also helps rebuild homes for those who have been affected by natural disasters, with that Oxfam have provided them with food and clean water supplies. These services are ongoing and have been going on for 70 years and have made Oxfam one of the largest charity organisations in the UK. Marketing Techniques: Marketing techniques are techniques that a company uses to expand in the industry or to achieve its company purpose. Growth strategies such as market development help charities like Oxfam expand. Growth strategies, four departments based on Ignor Ansoff’s theory (1957): Market Penetration Product Development Market Development Diversification Market development is when a company is using an existing product but is marketing it in a new market such as other countries. This increases popularity for the service and the company. For example, Oxfam have now taken their service to more LEDC countries and have expanded their service though nothing in their service has changed. Oxfam also use another technique known as diversification. Diversification is when a company introduces a new product/ service to a new market but does not relate it to the existing product. The product is completely new. For example, Oxfam have now tried to gain popularity to give them the opportunity to raise more money. To achieve this, Oxfam have held charity concerts and festivals. This is diversification as it is completely different from the service Oxfam provide. Market Orientating: The Focus of Their Marketing Every company has a reason behind why they market the product/service in a certain way. Oxfam’s reason behind their marketing is to be able to raise more money and to complete more projects in order to do that Oxfam have to make their charity well known to be able to cover all costs. Promotional Material/Techniques: Oxfam’s best marketing technique is through advertising poverty and their charity projects on television advertisements, social networking sites and radio commercials. This is one of their survival strategies to keep them functioning as a charity and allowing them to reach out to more countries. Oxfam approaches wealthy members of the community and those who would donate to charities to put an end to poverty and destruction caused by natural disasters. Oxfam aims at the sensitive side of the viewers to create an upsetting emotion through the illusions in their adverts. The viewers are shown civilians struggling to reach day to day needs and Oxfam show how painful it is for them to do so by showing a shot of their tears in their eyes which represents hardship and pain. Then they move on to showing how Oxfam’s aid has healed the needy community through helping them maintain their own lives and make a living. This is another skill used by charities to gain more donations by showing how much improvement they can make. For some charities like Oxfam this has made a great impact as it helps them carry out more projects as it is a form of prompting the organisation. Oxfam survives through volunteers taking part and helping them with their projects and the purpose of promoting themselves is to gain as much help as they can. Oxfam rely strongly upon the money raised and given from the public and it is one of the essential factors they rely on to survive as a charity. Marketing effectiveness Oxfam’s marketing skills are more effective as they have been successful for 70 years and are well known for a charity. This report has based Oxfam’s marketing effectiveness on the PDF file found on the Oxfam website which stated the income and expenditures based on projects, community support on raising money and other additional costs involved within the organisation. This PDF file shows how strategic Oxfam are with the income and expenditures as they themselves as a charity organisation have analysed all the departments of their income and expenditures. As we analysed the file we found figures showing how much profit (including success in progression within each project) Oxfam have made. This gave us the understanding that this financial increase has given Oxfam the opportunity to expand the charity organisation, allowing them to hold festivals and music concerts alongside with the number of charity shops they have around the UK. We think that this is the way Oxfam make themselves recognizable in order for them to become better known in the country and among many communities. Further on with the investigation, we investigated Oxfam’s Trading Income and Fundraising Income which we have made a similar replica of the graphs we researched on the PDF file below titled under ‘charts and tables’. Primark Company Purpose: Primark is a private retailing company started in Ireland to the United Kingdom and now in some countries in Europe. Primark’s purpose is to sell fashionable clothes for a cheaper price. Marketing Strategies: Primark’s marketing strategies for growth is market development as they want to attract new customers to increase sales leaving themselves at medium risk. Marketing Objective: Primark’s marketing objective is to standout in the retailing market with their low prices as the advantage to rise above their competitors. To meet their objectives Primark do this by producing their clothes in third world countries and by buying in bulk amounts to succeed financially. Company Product/ Service: Primark have many products based on fashion and design. They sell fashionable clothes; designs of which have been seen on the catwalks, made to suit all ages. Primark also have a section for jewellery and a minimal section for cosmetic products. Primark’s products are not as competitive as the price due to the cheap quality but they are not always predictable and create products in good quality which is unique to them. Marketing Techniques: Primark uses different marketing techniques to Oxfam. Primark use survival strategies to keep the company running. Survival strategies are when a company introduces new Items and ideas to survive as a business, such as; lowering their prices or giving customers gift vouchers when customers purchase an item. This may not be used by the company; it’s a strategy they could call up. For example, Primark keep most of their prices very low and have various ranges of clothes and offers to increase their chances of being more competitive amongst other high street shops. As well as keeping their prices low, Primark also develop their clothes in cheaper material to allow the company to make a great amount of profit. This way the company continues to survive in the market. Other survival strategy such as branding is used by Primark. Examples of branding: Items that Primark brand are: jackets, jeans shoes with different Primark brand names. Other example of branding, some sports brands such as Adidas hold a high reputation as they are seen promoting and sponsoring sports teams. Adidas and other sports brand usually advertise their brand by using celebrities to influence consumers into buying and wearing the particular brand. The brand becomes of high reputation to the consumers so it becomes something consumers wear and promote without realising they are promoting the brand. Consumer’s also have choices of merchandises to buy with the brand logo on which also helps the company to survive as it is being promoted. Market Orientating: The Focus of Their Marketing Primark want to continue to survive as retailers of the designer but affordable fashion wear. Primark market their products through their customers as Primark depend on them to promote their products. This has been working for Primark, and could them on of the bestselling retailers in the future as their brand will be more recognized than their price. This could give Primark the opportunity to upgrade their designs and price of their item, becoming a retailer of high quality clothing. Another focus of Primark’s marketing is that they can too design clothes as other expensive high street retailers. Promotional Material/Techniques: Primark do not advertise themselves through television or radio commercials which are making it harder for us to investigate and analyse the company alone. However we used a website known as ‘The Times 100, Business Case Studies’ which provided us with a PowerPoint. Primark’s aim is to promote brand awareness by putting their company logo on billboards and singling themselves out by prompting their prices as being cheap but saying their clothes are fashionable. However Primark do promote themselves through social networking sites such as Facebook where they post their latest trends and designs. Promoting a company on social network site can make them more successful as the use of technology and the use of social networking has increased and for Primark it is the best way for them to create publicity. Primark are also the most discussed Retail Company in the community and there for are always gaining loads of customers and great creditability from customers too. Ethical Trading: Primark have been establishing workers rights including rights of women in factories, mainly focusing on their health in factories. Primark’s concern for workers health and rights was developed after they had been reported of using child labour; no that it made Primark make changes but they still explained themselves on their website. Primark have not shown any live evidence such as, to prove that they no longer use under aged children to create their products but increase their price on products. For Primark it could be a way to say they have put an end to child labour and are now part of fair trade. As before, when they were using child labour, their prices were lower.